Minna no Nihongo

Minna No Nihongo Lesson 12 Grammar 1. Past tense of noun sentences and な- adjective sentences. Affirmative: N/Na adj + です － N/Na adj + でした。Negative: N/Na adj + じゃ（では）ありません。 – N/Na adj + じゃ（では）ありませんでした. きのうは雨でした。 It was rainy yesterday きのうの試験は簡単じゃありませんでした。Yesterday’s exam was not easy. 2. Past tense of い …

Minna No Nihongo Lesson 11 Grammar 1. Saying numbers 1) ひとつ、ふたつ、。。。とお。These words are usesd to count things up to ten. Eleven and higher are counted by using the numbers themseves. 2) Counter SuffixesWhen counting some sorts of things or expressing the quantity of things, counter suffixes are attached after the …

Minna No Nihongo Lesson 10 Grammar  1. N があります/ いま This sentence pattern is used to indicate the existence or presence of a thing(s) or person(s). The thing(s) or person(s) in such a sentence is treated as the subject and marked with the particle が. ありますis used when what is …

Minna No Nihongo Lesson 9 Grammar 1. N が  あります/ わかります and N が  好きです/ 嫌いです/ 上手です/ 下手です The object of a transitive verb is marked with を. However, objects of the verbs あります and わかります are marked with が. Such adjectives as すきです, きらいです, じょうずですand へたです require objects, and these …

Minna No Nihongo Lesson 8 Grammar 1. Adjective­­­s Adjectives are used as 1) predicates and 2) noun modifiers. They inflect and are divided into two groups, い-adjectives and な-adjectives, according to the inflection. 2. N は な-adj [な]です/ N は い-adj (…い) です ですat the end of an adjective sentence …

Minna No Nihongo Lesson 7 Grammar  1. N (tool/means) で V The particle で indicates a method or a mean used for an action. はしで 食べます。                        I eat with chopsticks. 日本語でレポートを書きます。 I write a report in Japanese.   2. …

Minna No Nihongo Lesson 6 Grammar 1. N を V (transitive) を is used to indicate the direct object of a transitive verb. ジュースを 飲みます。 I drink juice. [Note] を and お are pronounced the same. The former is used only in writing the particle.  2.N を します The words …

Minna No Nihongo Lesson 5 Grammar 1. N (place) へ 行きます / 来ます / 帰ります When a verb indicates movement to a certain place, the particle へ is put after the place noun to show the direction of the move. 京都へ 行きます。       I will go to Kyoto. 日本へ …

Minna No Nihongo Lesson 4 Grammar 1. 今 – 時 – 分です To express time, the counter suffixes 時 (o’clock) and 分 (minutes) are used. The number are put before them. 分 is read ふん after 2, 5, 7 or 9 and ぶん after 1, 3, 4, 6, 8 or 10. …

Minna No Nihongo Lesson 3 Grammar 1.ここ / そこ / あそこ / こちら / そちら / あちら The demonstratives これ, それ and あれ that are discussed in Lesson 2 refer to a thing, while これ, それ and あれ refer to a place. ここ is the place where the speaker is, そこ …