Minna no Nihongo

Minna no Nihongo Lesson 40 Grammar 1. Interrogative + plain form + か、～ な-adj / N：～だ  → ～な A question with an interrogative is used as a component of a sentence in this sentence pattern. JL107便は何時に到着するか、調べてください。 Please check what time JL107 will arrive. 結婚のお祝いは何がいいか、話しています。 We are talking about what to give …

Minna no Nihongo Lesson 39 Grammar 1.  Vて-form Vない-formなくて い-adj (～い) → ～くて な-adj [な] → で 、～   In this sentence pattern, the first part of the sentence presents a cause and the second part presents the consequence produced by the cause. Unlike ～からthat you learned in Lesson 9, this pattern …

Minna no Nihongo Lesson 38 Grammar 1. V plain formの Attach the particle のto the plain form of a verb and you can nominalize the phrase accompanying that verb.   2. V dictionary formのは adjectiveです テニスはおもしろいです。(*) Tennis is fun. テニスをするのはおもしろいです。(**) Playing tennis is fun. テニスを見るのはおもしろいです。(***) Watching tennis is fun. (*) simply …

Minna no Nihongo Lesson 37 Grammar 1. Passive verbs How to make passive verbs Passive verbs polite form plain form I かきます かかれます かかれる II ほめます ほめられます ほめられる III きます します こられます されます こられる される All passive verbs are Group II verbs; they conjugate into the dictionary form, ない-form, て-form, …

Minna no Nihongo Lesson 36 Grammar V1 dictionary form V1ない-formない ように、V2  V1 indicates a purpose or an aim, while V2 indicates a volitional action to get closer to that objective. 速く泳げるように、毎日練習しています。 I practice every day so that I can swim fast. 忘れないように、メモしてください。 Please take a memo so that you will not forget. The …

Minna no Nihongo Lesson 35 Grammar How to make the conditional form Verb Group I: Change the last sound of the ます-form into the sound of the え-line and attach ば. Group II: Attach ればto the ます-form. Group III: きますbecomesくれば, andします becomesすれば. い-adj: Change the last いof the い-adjectives into …

Minna no Nihongo Lesson 34 Grammar V1 dictionary form / V1た-form / Nの +とおりに、V2 1) V1とおりに、V2 This means to copy exactly in words or actions (V2) what one has heard, seen, read or learnt, etc. (V1). わたしがやるとおりに、やってください。 Please do as I do. わたしが言うとおりに、書いてください。 Please write down what I say as it is. …

Minna no Nihongo Lesson 33 Grammar Imperative and prohibitive forms 1) How to make imperative form of verbs Group I: Change the last sound of the ます-form into the sound of the え-line. Group II: Attach ろto the ます-form. Group III: しますbecomesしろ, and きますbecomes こい. [Note] Non-volitional verbs such as …

Minna No Nihongo Lesson 32 Grammar Vた-form ほうがいい     Vない-formない  ほうがいい 毎日運動したほうがいいです。 It is good to do some exercise everyday. 熱があるんです。 じゃ、おふろに入らないほうがいいですよ。 I have got a fever. So, you had better not take a bath. This pattern is used to make suggestions or to give advice. Depending on the situation, this expression …

Minna No Nihongo Lesson 31 Grammar Volitional form The volitional form of verbs is made as follows. Group I: Replace the sound of the ます-form with the sound in the お-line of the same row and attach う. Group II: Attach ようto the ます-form. Group III: しますbecomesしよう , and きますbecomes …